Information:
The Main Entry - Personal Name (100 tag) of the MARC
bibliographic record contains a personal name heading for the
individual responsible for the creation of the intellectual
or artistic content of the work.
AACR2 covers main and added entries in chapter 21, "Choice of
Access Points". RDA covers main entry in Chapter 19 "Persons,
Families, and Corporate Bodies associated with a work."
The purpose of the main entry is to establish the form in
which a work is to be uniformly cited. Using a main entry
heading will make it easier for a library user to find an
item that is listed in a bibliography or footnote.
In each cataloging record, one access point is chosen as the main
entry heading. Main entry headings may also appear in the 110 tag
(corporate body), the 111 tag (meeting name), or the 130 tag
(uniform title). In addition, anonymous works, collections or works
produced under editorial direction, and some publications of
corporate bodies use the Title Statement (245 tag) as the main entry.
Personal name headings not used as the main entry appear in the 700
tag.
Many rules cover the choice of headings for the personal name main
entry. AACR2 Rule 21.1A2 directs us to use the personal author, principal
personal author, probable personal author, or the first person named as
the main entry heading. Rules 21.4-21.28 deal with choosing the main
entry heading for works with single, shared, or mixed responsibility.
Chapter 22, "Headings For Persons", contains rules for constructing
names in AACR2 form. RDA Rule 19.2.1 gives basic instructions on
recording creators and Rules 6.27 to 6.31 give instructions on
constructing access points.
In many cases there is only one author associated with an item, and
the choice of the main entry heading is simple. When there is more
than one author responsible for an item, the name that should be chosen
for the main entry heading is usually listed first or in larger type.
Some common rules are: for a classical recording use the composer as
the main entry; for recordings of popular music use the principal
musician or musical group as the main entry; and when a work is an
adaptation, the person who adapted the work is used in the main
entry heading and the original author is given an added entry.
Subfield a of the 100 tag contains a personal name, which may be a
surname and/or forename; letters, abbreviations, phrases or numbers
used in place of a name; or a family name. Some subfields may be used
to qualify the name and distinguish persons with the same name from
each other. A title such as King, Pope, Dr., Jr., etc. may be used in
subfield c. A title such as I, II, III is placed in subfield c when
distinguishing between two people with the same first and last name,
such as John Smith I and John Smith II. Numerals that are used to
distinguish kings, queens, popes, etc. are placed in subfield b. A
fuller form of a name than is used in subfield a may be added as a
qualifier, in parenthesis, in subfield q, or when authors use the same
initials, their names can be spelled out in subfield q. Subfield d
includes the years of birth and death when they are known or can be
approximated. A question mark is used to indicate that a date is not
certain. For AACR2 When only the date of birth or of death is known,
the letters b. or d. respectively are used to indicate which kind of
date is present. For RDA, when only the date of birth is known, a
hyphen follows the date. When only a date of death is known, the
date is preceded by a hyphen. Sometimes only a rough approximation
of the dates of an individual's life can be determined, such as the
century they were born in or a period of time in which they were
known to be active. For AACR2, these dates were entered with the
word century abbreviated such as 18th cent. or the approximate
date was preceded by the term "fl." to indicate when the person
flourished. With RDA, the dates are preceded by the word "active."
Subfield e contains a relator term that describes the relationship
between the person and the resource. A list of relationship
designators can be found in Appendix I in RDA.
Indicators
First Type of personal name entry element
0 Forename
1 Surname
3 Family name
Second Undefined
blank Undefined
Subfields
a Personal name (NR)
b Numeration (NR)
c Titles and other words associated with a name (R)
d Dates associated with a name (NR)
e Relator term (R)
q Fuller form of name (NR)
j Attribution qualifier (R)
Punctuation
No punctuation precedes subfield b.
Subfield c is preceded by a comma.
Subfield d is preceded by a comma.
Subfield q is placed in parenthesis.
Subfield j is preceded by a comma.
The field ends with a mark of punctuation (., !, ?, -) or a closing
parenthesis.
Examples
Headings where AACR2 and RDA would be entered differently are noted
with (AACR2) and (RDA). Headings not indicated by (AACR2) or (RDA) are
entered the same with a subfield e added for RDA to indicate the
relationship of the person to the resource. In order to bring consistency to your
library catalog, all AACR2 headings should be updated to the RDA form of
heading.
The ancient Greek author and a later author who used his name
100 0 _aAesop.
100 0 _aAesop,
_d19th cent. (AACR2)
100 0 _aAesop,
_dactive 19th century,
_eauthor. (RDA)
Several people known as John
100 0 _aJohn,
_cDr.,
_d1941-
100 0 _aJohn,
_cof Salisbury, Bishop of Chartres,
_dd. 1180. (AACR2)
100 0 _aJohn,
_cof Salisbury, Bishop of Chartres,
_d-1180,
_eauthor. (RDA)
100 0 _aJohn
_bXXIII,
_cPope,
_d1881-1963.
Two kings with the same name distinguished by their number
and their dates.
100 0 _aLouis
_bXIV,
_cKing of France,
_d1638-1715.
100 0 _aLouis
_bXV,
_cKing of France,
_d1710-1776.
Several Winston Churchills
100 1 _aChurchill, Winston,
_d1871-1947.
100 1 _aChurchill, Winston,
_cSir,
_d1620?-1688.
100 1 _aChurchill, Winston,
_d1874-1965.
Several people named Thomas Smith and ways to
distinguish them from each other
100 1 _aSmith, Thomas,
_cEsq.
100 1 _aSmith, Thomas,
_dfl. 1600-1627. (AACR2)
100 1 _aSmith, Thomas,
_dactive 1600-1627. (RDA)
100 1 _aSmith, Thomas,
_db. 1740. (AACR2)
100 1 _aSmith, Thomas,
_d1740- (RDA)
100 1 _aSmith, Thomas,
_dd. 1762. (AACR2)
100 1 _aSmith, Thomas,
_d-1762,
_eauthor. (RDA)
Spelling out initials to distinguish between authors
whose names appear the same on title pages
100 1 _aJohnson, Robert L.
_q(Robert Leo)
100 1 _aJohnson, Robert L.
_q(Robert Livingston),
_d1894-1966.
100 1 _aJohnson, Robert L.
_q(Robert Lynn),
_d1929-
Multiple surname
100 1 _aD'Avila-Latourrette, Victor-Antoine.
A family name is used as a main entry, if that is all that
is listed on the title page
100 3 _aChurchill family.
100 3 _aJohnson family.
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