Information:
The 000 tag or leader of the MARC Bibliographic format
contains coded information about the rest of the MARC
record. The 000 tag contains twenty-four character
positions numbered from 00 to 23. The codes may be
useful in retrieving records, sorting search results,
and data management. The 000 tag is required in all
records.
The cataloging software supplies much of the leader.
Positions 05, 06, 07, 08, 17 and 18 may be supplied by
the cataloger. We will consider the most commonly used
codes for these positions.
Cataloging software usually provides a window with
default codes to assist the cataloger in providing
this information. For example:
Default Record Status n = New
Default Record Type a = Language material
Default Bib Level m = Monograph item
Default Type of Control blank = No specific type
Default Encoding Level blank = Full level
Descriptive Cat. Form a = AACR2
i = ISBD punctuation included (RDA record)
Position 05 Record status
A single-letter code that indicates the status of the
record or the types of changes that have been made in
the record.
c Corrected or revised (Used when a record has
been changed, except when the record has been
upgraded from a prepublication record)
n New (Used when entering a new record)
p Increase in encoding level from prepublication
(Used when changes are made to a
prepublication or CIP record after the item has
been published)
Position 06 Type of record
A single-letter code that indicates specific types of
content and material.
a Language material (books, pamphlets, and
electronic resources that are basically textual
in nature, e.g., eBooks)
c Notated music (scores, sheets music, hymnals,
electronic notated music, etc.)
d Manuscript notated music
e Cartographic material (maps, atlases, globes,
digital maps, etc.)
f Manuscript cartographic material
g Projected medium (motion pictures,
videorecordings, filmstrips, slides, and
transparencies -- including digital video)
i Non-musical sound recording (spoken word,
drama, audiobooks, e-audiobooks)
j Musical sound recording
k Two-dimensional nonprojectable graphic
(activity cards, charts, duplicating masters,
photographs, pictures, post cards, posters,
digital pictures, study prints, etc.)
m Computer file (electronic resources, computer
software, numeric data, computer oriented multimedia,
online systems, etc.)
Note: other electronic resources are coded with
their most significant aspect: text files are
coded a; computerized maps are coded e; music
on CD-ROM is coded j; moving images are code g.
o Kit (packages of material where no one part can
be considered the main item. Examples: packages
of K-12 curriculum materials, educational
testing kits, etc.)
p Mixed materials (used with archives and
manuscript collections whose primary intent is
other than for instructional purposes)
r Three-dimensional artifact or naturally
occurring object (sculpture, rock collections,
games, toys, audiovisual equipment, etc.)
t Manuscript language material (unpublished
items) usually a single instance
Position 07 Bibliographic level
m Monograph/item (single volume completed in one
part and multi-volume works intended to be
completed in a finite number of parts)
i Integrating resources (loose-leafs, updating
web sites, etc.)
s Serial (magazines, journals, yearbooks, etc.)
Position 08 Type of control
blank No specified type
a Archival
Position 17 Encoding level
blank Full level
1 Full level, material not examined (Usually
used with retrospective conversion as when the
record is created from a catalog card)
8 Prepublication level (CIP or other record
entered before the item is published)
Position 18 Descriptive cataloging form
blank Non-ISBD (Found on older, pre-AACR2 records)
a AACR2 (Uses Anglo American Cataloging
Rules)
c ISBD punctuation omitted (ISBD punctuation is not
included at the end of a tag)
i ISBD punctuation included (used for RDA records)
Examples:
nam a (A new record for a book using AACR2
rules)
nam i (A new record for a book using RDA guidelines)
nam8a (A prepublication record newly entered following AACR2)
nam8i (A prepublication record newly entered following
RDA guidelines)
pam a (A prepublication record updated by a cataloger
after the item has been received following AACR2)
pam i (A prepublication record updated after the item has
been received following RDA)
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